《植物生理学报》 2013, 49(10): 1071-1076

四个酿酒葡萄品种组培快繁体系的初建

刘娜, 许轲, 张文, 王琢, 朱元娣*

中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院, 果树逆境生理与分子生物学北京市重点实验室, 北京100193

通信作者：朱元娣；E-mail: zhuyd@cau.edu.cn；Tel: 010-62733995

摘　要：

为了提高酿酒葡萄(Vitis vinifera)苗木繁殖速度及苗木品质, 以‘赤霞珠’、‘西拉’、‘霞多丽’和‘美乐’4个品种为试材, 研究无菌外植体建立、启动培养、增殖培养和驯化移栽环节的关键技术, 初步建立酿酒葡萄组培快繁体系。结果表明, 以半木质化茎段为外植体接种成活率高, 在培养基MS+IBA 0.2 mg·L-1+6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1+KT 0.5 mg·L-1上启动培养外植体单芽萌发率最高, 以培养基1/2MS+IBA 0.2 mg·L-1+KT 1.0 mg·L-1增殖培养兼生根诱导, 组培苗生长健壮, 繁殖率高。增殖培养6代后, ‘赤霞珠’、‘西拉’、‘霞多丽’和‘美乐’分别由12株葡萄苗扩繁为1 383株、1 095株、744株和100株。组培苗驯化培养3周后移栽至营养钵, 4个品种成活率均在72%以上。此组培快繁体系基本适用于4个酿酒葡萄品种, 可应用于科学研究及工业化大规模生产。

关键词：葡萄; 组织培养; 外植体; 苗木繁殖

收稿：2013-08-01   修定：2013-08-29

资助：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-30)和北京市教委项目(201307210610099)

Preliminary Establishment of in vitro Rapid Micropropagation of Four Grape-Wine (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivars

LIU Na, XU Ke, ZHANG Wen, WANG Zhuo, ZHU Yuan-Di*

Beijing Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology for Fruit Trees, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agriculture University, Beijng 100193, China

Corresponding author: ZHU Yuan-Di; E-mail: zhuyd@cau.edu.cn; Tel: 010-62733995

Abstract:

In order to speed up propagation and improve quality of grape-wine (Vitis vinifera) nursery plants, in vitro mircropropagation was established. In the study, cultivars of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, ‘Syrah’, ‘Chardonnay’ and ‘Merlot’ were used as materials to explore key techniques of aseptic explant establishment, initial culture, shoot multiplication, acclimatization, and transplanting. The results showed that the most suitable medium for initial culture was MS medium supplementing with IBA 0.2 mg·L^-1, 6-BA 1.0 mg·L^-1 and KT 0.5 mg·L^-1 when semi-lignified shoots were taken as explants. The 1/2MS medium supplementing with IBA 0.2 mg·L^-1 and KT 1.0 mg·L^-1 was suitable for inducing rooting, strengthening the vigor of plantlets and increasing proliferation rate of adventitious shoots. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, ‘Syrah’, ‘Chardonnay’ and ‘Merlot’ propagated 1 383, 1 095, 744 and 100 plantlets from initial twelve adventitious shoots after six generations of subculture, respectively. After three weeks of acclimatization, plantlets were transplanted to pots and the survival rate of four cultivars was above 72%. These results indicated that this in vitro rapid propagating system was basically suitable for four grape-wine cultivars and could be applied to scientific research and industrialized mass production.

Key words: Vitis vinifera; in vitro culture; explant; propagation of nursery plants